Complete guide to studying in Hungary
Language, admissions, living costs, residence, student work and post-graduation routes.
Complete guideRead article →
✦ AfgPath guides
AfgPath Blog
Practical, clear guides covering study routes, language, costs, admissions and student residence.
Country guides
Complete study guides for our five destination countries. Open any card to read the full article.
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Hungary
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Romania
Complete guide to studying in Romania
Study routes, the Romanian language preparatory year, admissions, tuition, visa and residence.
Complete guideRead article →
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Turkey
Complete guide to studying in Turkey
Study language, admission exams, universities, costs, student work and residence.
Complete guideRead article →
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Finland
Complete guide to studying in Finland
Tuition, scholarships, Pathway routes, admission, living costs, financial proof, student work and post-study options.
Complete guideRead article →
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Germany
Complete guide to studying in Germany
Language levels, university routes, Studienkolleg, Ausbildung, financial proof, visa and student work.
Complete guideRead article →
New articles
Practical guides on choosing a country, costs, visas, documents, language, applying and student life.
Visa
Proof of funds for a student visa
Proof-of-funds amounts for study visas and residence permits in Germany, Finland, Hungary, Romania and Turkey based on official 2026 sources; how to show funds and mistakes that lead to refusals.
11 minRead →
Visa
Student visa refusal reasons
The most common reasons Iranian and Afghan students' study visas are refused: proof of funds, inconsistent documents, unclear study plans, fake documents, and practical ways to avoid a refusal.
10 minRead →
Visa
Embassy appointments for Iranians and Afghans
How Iranian and Afghan students can get a study visa appointment: which embassy is responsible, official portals by country, timing and tips to avoid delays.
9 minRead →
Documents
Translating and legalising documents in Iran
How to get official translations and legalisation of Iranian academic documents for European and Turkish universities and embassies: verification, official translators, Judiciary, Foreign Ministry and embassy.
10 minRead →
Documents
Translating and legalising Afghan documents
How to translate and legalise Afghan academic documents for applications in Europe and Turkey: no apostille, the consular legalisation route, current challenges and practical alternatives.
9 minRead →
Insurance
Student health insurance in Europe
Health insurance for international students in Germany, Finland, Hungary, Romania and Turkey: insurance for the visa, insurance after arrival and common mistakes.
9 minRead →
Money
Money transfers for students abroad
Legal ways for Iranian and Afghan students in Europe and Turkey to receive money: Iranian student currency, licensed exchange offices, paying tuition, carrying cash, and tips to avoid account problems.
9 minRead →
Student life
Your first 30 days in a new country
A first-30-days checklist for international students in Europe and Turkey: address registration, residence permit, enrolment, insurance, bank account, SIM card, with tips for Germany, Hungary, Romania and Finland.
9 minRead →
Applying
The European CV (Europass)
How to create a Europass CV for European university applications: sections, writing tips, common mistakes and when to use Europass or a simple CV.
9 minRead →
Applying
Recommendation letters for applications
A complete guide to recommendation letters for European universities: who to ask, when and how to request, what a good letter contains and common mistakes.
9 minRead →
Comparison
Hungary or Romania: which is better?
A complete comparison of studying in Hungary and Romania for Iranian and Afghan students: language of instruction, preparatory year, tuition, living costs, work rights, residence and life after graduation.
11 minRead →
Costs
Cheapest countries to study in Europe
Tuition, living costs and proof of funds for studying in Germany, Austria, France, Hungary, Romania and Turkey as a non-EU student, based on official 2026 sources.
12 minRead →
Getting started
Studying in Europe after high school
A complete guide to studying in Europe after high school for Iranian and Afghan students: diploma recognition, preparatory courses, choosing a country, language, documents, timeline and common mistakes.
11 minRead →
Applying
Motivation letter for European universities
How to write a motivation letter for European universities: paragraph-by-paragraph structure, the right length, common mistakes and a complete sample letter.
12 minRead →
Safety
Fake admission letters: how to verify them
Signs of a fake admission letter and steps to verify an acceptance from European and Turkish universities before paying or applying for a visa; for Iranian and Afghan students.
10 minRead →
Language
IELTS, TOEFL or Duolingo: which is best?
IELTS vs TOEFL (with the new 1–6 scale from January 2026) vs Duolingo for European universities: format, scoring, result times, validity and which suits you.
11 minRead →
Student work
Student work in Europe: hours and income
Student work rules for non-EU students in Germany, Hungary, Romania, Finland, Austria, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Poland and Turkey: allowed hours, typical income and real cost calculation.
12 minRead →
Grades
European university grading systems
A complete guide to European university grading: Germany, Hungary, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Romania, Austria and many more; ECTS vs grades and what an Iranian GPA means in Europe.
12 minRead →
More practical articles
Explore the existing AfgPath guides as well.
Romania
What is the Romanian language preparatory year?
A quick guide to the preparation year and the study route that follows.
5 minRead →
Applications
Study abroad application timeline
From document preparation to applications and travel planning.
Practical guideRead →
Choosing a provider
How to spot a trustworthy study agent
Practical signs to check before handing over an application.
Practical guideRead →